Venetian Window Blinds have on average 2 inch or 1 inch wide slats. A lift cord is inserted and run through a routed hole in the center of each blind slat, or with some Venetian blinds, the lift cords run though lift ladders or even in tiny slits made at the back of each slat. So when you tug on the cord, it lifts up all the slats starting from the bottom going up.
For a more detailed rundown on the mechanism of Venetian blinds click here